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Cláudia Margalho is a specialist in forensic toxicology and works at the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences (Portugal). Academic Background - Graduation in Biochemistry, University of Coimbra (Coimbra, Portugal), 1992; Posgraduation in Forensic Toxicology, University of Coimbra (Coimbra, Portugal), 2002; Master of Advanced Studies (MAS) in Forensic Medicine, University of Coimbra (Coimbra, Portugal), 2005; PhD in Toxicology, University of Beira Interior (Covilhã, Portugal), 2016. Her main research interests are focused in the determination of drugs, drugs of abuse, new psychoactive substances, sample preparation, chromatographic analysis, mass spectrometry, analytical toxicology, forensic toxicology, hair analysis, accreditation and quality control issues, alternative specimens, biological and non-biological samples, therapeutic/toxic doses, development of new extraction techniques, doping control and development and validation of new analytical methodologies. Author or co-author of more than 140 communications presented at Scientific Meetings, 1 book chapter, and more than 20 papers published in scientific journals. She has supervised and co-supervised to completion 15 MSc thesis and several degree internships. Her teaching activities cover the 2nd cycle of studies in Toxicology and Forensic Toxicology at University of Coimbra and University of Aveiro, in Portugal. She has actively participated in master's exam juries. She has expertise as reviewer in several relevant scientific journals. She was a member of the Asociación Española de Toxicologia (AETOX), Society of Hair Testing (SoHT) and International Academy of Legal Medicine (IALM). She is full member of the scientific society The International Association of Forensic Toxicologists (TIAFT).
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Identification

Personal identification

Full name
Cláudia Margalho

Citation names

  • Margalho, Cláudia; Margalho, C

Author identifiers

Ciência ID
A211-521D-90CA
ORCID iD
0000-0003-1661-0367

Email addresses

  • claudia.i.margalho@inmlcf.mj.pt (Professional)
  • claudiamargalho43@gmail.com (Personal)

Knowledge fields

  • Medical and Health Sciences - Other Medical Sciences - Forensic Science
  • Medical and Health Sciences - Health Sciences - Substance Abuse
  • Medical and Health Sciences - Basic Medicine - Toxicology
  • Exact Sciences - Chemical Sciences - Analytical Chemistry
  • Natural sciences - Biological Sciences - Biochemistry

Languages

Language Speaking Reading Writing Listening Peer-review
Portuguese (Mother tongue)
English Upper intermediate (B2) Upper intermediate (B2) Upper intermediate (B2) Upper intermediate (B2) Upper intermediate (B2)
Education
Degree Classification
2016
Concluded
 Bioquímica (Doutoramento)
Major in Toxicologia Forense
Universidade da Beira Interior, Portugal
"Alternative specimens in forensic toxicology: analysis of drugs of abuse" (THESIS/DISSERTATION)
2005
Concluded
 Mestrado em medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses (Mestrado)
Major in Toxicologia Forense
Universidade de Coimbra Faculdade de Medicina, Portugal
"FUROSEMIDA E PRÁTICA DESPORTIVA: SUA DETERMINAÇÃO EM SANGUE TOTAL" (THESIS/DISSERTATION)
 Muito Bom
2001 - 2002
Concluded
 Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses (Pós-Graduação)
Major in Medicina Legal
Universidade de Coimbra Faculdade de Medicina, Portugal
1992
Concluded
 Bioquímica (Licenciatura)
Universidade de Coimbra Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Portugal
Affiliation

Others

Category
Host institution 		Employer
2001 - 2024 Especialista Superior de Medicina Legal – Toxicologista Forense - Specialist in Forensic Medicine – Forensic Toxicologist Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses Delegação do Centro, Portugal, Portugal
Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses Delegação do Centro, Portugal, Portugal
2000 - 2001 Estagiária no Laboratório de Toxicologia Forense Trainee at the Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses, Portugal
Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses Delegação do Centro, Portugal, Portugal
1998 - 2000 Estágio voluntário no Laboratório de Toxicologia Forense Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses, Portugal
Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses Delegação do Centro, Portugal, Portugal
1993 - 1997 Bolseira de Investigação Universidade Católica Portuguesa Centro Regional do Porto, Portugal
Escola Superior de Biotecnologia da Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Portugal
Projects

Contract

Designation Funders
2007/01 - 2009/12 DRUID - Driving under the Influence of Drugs, Alcohol and Medicines
TREN-05-FP6TR-S07.61320-518404-DRUID
Researcher
Concluded
1996 - 1997 Melhoramento do processo de produção de Queijo Serra da Estrela
PAMAF/IED nº 3025
Research Fellow
Concluded
Outputs

Publications

Conference paper
  1. Simão, Ana; Dinis, Pedro; Margalho, Cláudia; Andraus, Maristela; Barroso, Mário; Gallardo, Eugenia. "Microextração em seringa empacotada (MEPS) como técnica de clean-up para a determinação de catinonas sintéticas em cabelo". 2025.
  2. Simão, A.; Margalho, Cláudia; Dinis, P.; Andraus, M.; Barroso, Mário; Gallardo, E.. "Microextraction by packed sorbent clean-up for the determination of selected synthetic cathinones in hair samples". 2025.
  3. Dinis, Pedro; Franco, João Miguel; Margalho, Cláudia. "Determinação de substâncias contaminantes de drogas de abuso por LC-MS-MS em amostras de interesse forense". 2025.
  4. Dinis, Pedro; Machado, Francisca; Franco, João; Margalho, Cláudia. "¿-Pyrrolidinoisohexanophenone (¿-PIHP) in three fatal". 2025.
  5. Margalho, Cláudia; Emanuel Santos Pinheiro, João; Dinis, Pedro; Mendonça, Ricardo; Castanheira, Alice; Franco, João. "Comprehensive toxicological analysis in a case of unexpected fatal codeine intoxication". 2025.
  6. Dinis, Pedro; Franco, João; Margalho, Cláudia. "Toxicologia Forense: métodos analíticos para a determinação de ¿-PHP e ¿-PIHP". 2025.
  7. Margalho, Cláudia; Dinis, Pedro; Monsanto, Paula; Frias, Eugenia; Franco, João Miguel. "Casos positivos de cocaína no Serviço de Química e Toxicologia Forenses da Delegação do Centro: análise comparativa entre 2018 e 2023". 2025.
  8. Margalho, Cláudia; Barroso, Mário; Franco, João. "Análise toxicológica forense a amostras não biológicas e cabelo: investigando a possível relação com um cadáver mumificado". 2024.
  9. Barroso, Mário; Margalho, Cláudia; Franco, João Miguel. "Exposição prolongada a cocaína documentada através da análise por segmento de amostras de cabelo de uma criança". 2024.
  10. Dinis, Pedro; Monsanto, Paula; Frias, Eugénia; Mustra, Carla; Margalho, Cláudia; Fonte Santa Silva, José Jerónimo; Franco, João Miguel; et al. "Viabilidade da amostra de bílis como matriz alternativa na análise de drogas de abuso clássicas por imunoensaios". 2024.
  11. Santos, Adriana; Monsanto, Paula; Franco, João Miguel; Eusébio, Ermelinda; Margalho, Cláudia. "Determinação de drogas de abuso em fluido oral por precipitação proteica e GC-MS-EI". 2024.
  12. Castañera, Antonio; Margalho, Cláudia. "Madeira and Azores regions, cluster of a-PHP a-PiHP related deaths". 2024.
  13. Margalho, Cláudia; Franco, João Miguel; Barroso, Mário. "When hair is the only biological specimen available: Analysis of a mummified scalp fragment". 2023.
  14. Rosendo, Luana; Rosado, Tiago; Oliveira, Patrik; Antunes, Cal; Anjos, O; Margalho, Cláudia; Costa, Suzel; et al. "Determinação de canabinóides em amostras de urina por microextração em seringa empacotada e cromatografia gasosa-espetrometria de massa". 2023.
  15. Marchado, Francisca; Franco, João; Margalho, Cláudia. "Casos fatais associados ao consumo da catinona sintética a-PHP". 2023.
Conference poster
  1. Rosendo, Luana M.; Rosado, Tiago; Oliveira, Patrik; Simão, Ana Y.; Antunes, C. A. L; Anjos, Ofélia; Margalho, Cláudia; et al. "Determination of cannabinoids in urine samples by microextraction by packed sorbent and chromatography- mass spectrometry". Paper presented in 12º Encontro Nacional de Cromatografia, 2022.
  2. Rosendo, Luana M.; Rosado, Tiago; Oliveira, Patrik; Simão, Ana Y.; Margalho, Cláudia; Costa, Suzel; Passarinha, Luís A.; et al. "Desenvolvimento e validação de um método para a determinação de canabinóides em amostras de urina com recurso à microextração em seringa empacotada e GC-MS". Paper presented in 20º Congresso Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses, Coimbra, 2022.
Journal article
  1. Ana Y. Simão; Luana M. Rosendo; Pedro Dinis; Cláudia Margalho; Maristela Andraus; Mário Barroso; Eugenia Gallardo. "Microextraction by packed sorbent for the determination of selected synthetic cathinones and 2C-P in hair". Advances in Sample Preparation (2025): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sampre.2025.100175.
    10.1016/j.sampre.2025.100175
  2. Dinis, Pedro; Franco, João; Margalho, Cláudia; Pedro Dinis; João Franco; Cláudia Margalho. "a-Pyrrolidinohexanophenone (a-PHP) and a-Pyrrolidinoisohexanophenone (a-PiHP): A Review". Life (2025): http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/53939.
    https://doi.org/10.3390/life14040429
  3. Pires, Bruno; Oliveira, Patrik; Simão, Ana Y.; Reis, João; Ramos, Sofia; Duarte, Ana Paula; Margalho, Cláudia; et al. "Characterisation of Cannabis-Based Products Marketed for Medical and Non-Medical Use Purchased in Portugal". Molecules (2024): http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/51594.
    https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29122737
  4. Machado, Francisca; Franco, João Miguel; Vieira, Duarte Nuno; Margalho, Cláudia; Francisca Machado; João Franco; Duarte Nuno Vieira; Cláudia Margalho. "Development and Validation of a GC–MS-EI Method to Determine a-PHP in Blood: Application to Samples Collected during Medico-Legal Autopsies". Journal of Analytical Toxicology (2023): http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/43729.
    10.1093/jat/bkac104
  5. Rosendo LM; Rosado T; Oliveira P; Simão AY; Margalho C; Costa S; Passarinha LA; et al. "The Determination of Cannabinoids in Urine Samples Using Microextraction by Packed Sorbent and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.". Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2022): http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/36080271.
    10.3390/molecules27175503
  6. Cláudia M; Pedro A; Tiago R; Francisco CR; Eugenia G. "Determination of New Psychoactive Substances in Whole Blood Using Microwave Fast Derivatization and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry.". Journal of analytical toxicology (2020): http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/31436798.
    10.1093/jat/bkz053
  7. Ferreira, Elisa; Real, Francisco Corte; Melo, Teresa Pinho e; Margalho, Cláudia; Ferreira E; Corte Real F; Pinho E Melo T; Margalho C. "A Novel Bioanalytical Method for the Determination of Opioids in Blood and Pericardial Fluid". Journal of analytical toxicology (2020): http://hdl.handle.net/10316/93145.
    https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/bkaa064
  8. Malaca S; Rosado T; Restolho J; Rodilla JM; Rocha PMM; Silva L; Margalho C; Barroso M; Gallardo E. "Determination of amphetamine-type stimulants in urine samples using microextraction by packed sorbent and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.". Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (2019): http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/31063954.
    10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.04.052
  9. Rosado T; Gonçalves A; Margalho C; Barroso M; Gallardo E. "Rapid analysis of cocaine and metabolites in urine using microextraction in packed sorbent and GC/MS.". Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry (2016): http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/28012112.
    10.1007/s00216-016-0152-2
  10. Margalho C; Corte-Real F; López-Rivadulla M; Gallardo E. "Salvia divinorum: toxicological aspects and analysis in human biological specimens.". Bioanalysis (2016): http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/27277872.
    10.4155/bio-2016-0067
  11. Margalho C; Castanheira A; Real FC; Gallardo E; López-Rivadulla M. "Determination of "new psychoactive substances" in postmortem matrices using microwave derivatization and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.". Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (2016): http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/26994330.
    10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.03.001
  12. Margalho, Cláudia; Gallardo, Eugenia; Castanheira, Alice; Vieira, Duarte Nuno; López-Rivadulla, Manuel; Real, Francisco Corte; Margalho C; et al. "A validated procedure for detection and quantitation of salvinorin a in pericardial fluid, vitreous humor, whole blood and plasma using solid phase extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry". Journal of chromatography. A (2013): http://hdl.handle.net/10316/27255.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2013.07.031
  13. Margalho C; Franco J; Corte-Real F; Vieira DN. "Illicit drugs in alternative biological specimens: a case report.". Journal of forensic and legal medicine (2011): http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/21420652.
    10.1016/j.jflm.2010.12.006
  14. Santos, C. L.; Sousa, E.; Castanheira, G.; Margalho, C.; Mendonca, M. C.. ""STRYCHNINE POISONING - A CASE REPORT"". Acta Medicinae Legalis et Socialis (2010): https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/67541669/.
  15. Margalho, C.; Castanheira, A.; Castanera, A.; Franco, J.; Corte-Real, F.; Vieira, D. N.. "ALTERNATIVE MATRICES: A CASE REPORT". Acta Medicinae Legalis et Socialis (2010): https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/67541667/.
  16. Monteiro, C.; Margalho, C.; Castanheira, F.; Mariano, A.; Nascimento, F.; Franco, J.; Corte-Real, F.; Vieira, D. N.. "ONE CASE OF DROWNING AFTER CYFLUTHRIN INGESTION". Acta Medicinae Legalis et Socialis (2010): https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/67541668/.
  17. Ribeiro, Cláudia; Pardal, Miguel; Martinho, Filipe; Margalho, Rui; Tiritan, Maria; Rocha, Eduardo; Rocha, Maria. "Distribution of endocrine disruptors in the Mondego River estuary, Portugal". (2008): http://hdl.handle.net/10316/7868.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-008-0192-y
  18. Margalho C; Barroso M; Gallardo E; Monsanto P; Vieira DN. "Massive intoxication involving unusual high concentration of amitriptyline.". Human & experimental toxicology (2007): http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/17884955.
    10.1177/0960327107076813
  19. Barroso M; Gallardo E; Margalho C; Devesa N; Pimentel J; Vieira DN; Barroso, Mário; et al. "Solid-phase extraction and gas chromatographic- mass spectrometric determination of the veterinary drug xylazine in human blood.". Journal of analytical toxicology (2007): http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/17579964.
    10.1093/jat/31.3.165
  20. Barroso M; Gallardo E; Margalho C; Monsanto P; Vieira DN. "Analytical approach to determine ticlopidine in post-mortem blood.". Forensic science international (2006): http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/16859849.
    10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.02.056
  21. Gallardo E; Barroso M; Margalho C; Cruz A; Vieira DN; López-Rivadulla M. "Determination of quinalphos in blood and urine by direct solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.". Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (2006): http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/16414313.
    10.1016/j.jchromb.2005.12.029
  22. Gallardo E; Barroso M; Margalho C; Cruz A; Vieira DN; López-Rivadulla M. "Solid-phase microextraction for gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis of dimethoate in human biological samples.". Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM (2006): http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/16470579.
    10.1002/rcm.2388
  23. Gallardo, Eugenia; Barroso, Mário; Margalho, Cláudia; Cruz, Angelines; Vieira, Duarte Nuno; López-Rivadulla, Manuel; Gallardo E; et al. "Determination of parathion in biological fluids by means of direct Solid Phase Microextraction.". Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry (2006): http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/622.
    10.1007/s00216-006-0735-4
  24. Margalho C; de Boer D; Gallardo E; Barroso M; Vieira DN. "Determination of furosemide in whole blood using SPE and GC-EI-MS.". Journal of analytical toxicology (2005): http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/16105254.
    10.1093/jat/29.5.309
  25. Barroso M; Gallardo E; Margalho C; Marques E; Vieira DN; López-Rivadulla M. "Determination of strychnine in human blood using solid-phase extraction and GC-EI-MS.". Journal of analytical toxicology (2005): http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/16105265.
    10.1093/jat/29.5.383
  26. Barroso M; Gallardo E; Margalho C; Avila S; Marques EP; Vieira DN; López-Rivadulla M. "Application of solid phase microextraction to the determination of strychnine in blood.". Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (2005): http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/15664330.
    10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.10.071
  27. Baptista MJ; Monsanto PV; Pinho Marques EG; Bermejo A; Avila S; Castanheira AM; Margalho C; Barroso M; Vieira DN. "Hair analysis for delta(9)-THC, delta(9)-THC-COOH, CBN and CBD, by GC/MS-EI. Comparison with GC/MS-NCI for delta(9)-THC-COOH.". Forensic science international (2002): http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/12208025.
    10.1016/s0379-0738(02)00154-8
Thesis / Dissertation
  1. Almeida, Pedro Rafael Gonçalves de. "Determination of new psychoactive substances in forensic samples by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry". Master, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/10196.
  2. Margalho, Cláudia Isabel Reis. "Alternative specimens in forensic toxicology: analysis of drugs of abuse". PhD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/4452.
Activities

Supervision

Thesis Title
Role 		Degree Subject (Type)
Institution / Organization
2023 - 2023 Contributo para o estudo da estabilidade de drogas de abuso em amostras biológicas analisadas por cromatografia de gases acoplada à espectrometria de massas
Supervisor
 Química Forense (Master)
Universidade de Coimbra Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Portugal
2022 - 2022 Metodologias Analíticas Usadas na Determinação de Drogas de Abuso em Amostras Biológicas
Supervisor
 Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses (Master)
Universidade de Coimbra Faculdade de Medicina, Portugal
2020 - 2020 As drogas de abuso em contexto forense
Supervisor
 Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses (Master)
Universidade de Coimbra Faculdade de Medicina, Portugal
2019 - 2019 A Validated Methodology for the Forensic Toxicological Analysis of Opioids in Biological Fluids Using Solid Phase Extraction, Microwave Derivatization and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Supervisor
 Química Forense (Master)
Universidade de Coimbra Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Portugal
2018 - 2018 Determination of new psychoactive substances in forensic samples by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry
Supervisor
 Bioquímica (Master)
Universidade da Beira Interior, Portugal
2010 - 2011 Validação da amitriptilina e do seu metabolito nortriptilina em sangue, por GC/MS
Supervisor of Francisco Edgar do Nascimento
 Mestrado (Master)
Universidade de Coimbra Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Portugal
2009 - 2010 Desenvolvimento de metodologias analíticas para a determinação de metadona, buprenorfina e seus principais metabolitos em amostras biológicas. Aplicações em contexto forense
Supervisor
 Mestrado em Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses (Master)
Universidade de Coimbra Faculdade de Medicina, Portugal