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Oscarina Conceição is Professor at Polytechnic University of Cávado and Ave and researcher at UNIAG-Polytechnic University of Cávado and Ave and at Dinâmia’CET - Iscte (Instituto Universitário de Lisboa) . She has a PhD in Economics from University of Minho. Her research interests include the following topics: innovation process and their socio-economic effects; knowledge transfer; knowledge and innovation networks; entrepreneurship; Academic entrepreneurship; Blue Economy.
Identification

Personal identification

Full name
Oscarina Conceição

Citation names

  • Conceição, Oscarina

Author identifiers

Ciência ID
2014-ECE3-6B73
ORCID iD
0000-0001-8072-8250
Scopus Author Id
49361031100

Knowledge fields

  • Social Sciences - Economics and Business - Business and Management
Education
Degree Classification
2014/07/18
Concluded
 Economia (Doutoramento)
Major in Sem especialidade
Universidade do Minho, Portugal
"Research based spin-offs: determinants of strategies and performance" (THESIS/DISSERTATION)
Affiliation

Teaching in Higher Education

Category
Host institution 		Employer
2016/08 - Current Adjunct Teacher (Polytechnic Teacher) Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
2013 - 2016 Invited Assistant (Polytechnic Teacher) Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave Escola Superior de Gestão, Portugal
2004/09 - 2010/09 Invited Assistant (University Teacher) Universidade do Minho, Portugal

Positions / Appointments

Category
Host institution 		Employer
2026/01/08 - Current Director of the Management Department Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
2016/12 - Current Technical and Scientific Council of the School of Management Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
Projects

Contract

Designation Funders
2025/02/03 - Current Fábrica para pessoas, processos e tecnologia
Researcher
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
Ongoing
2020/01/01 - 2023/12/31 Unidade de Investigação Aplicada em Gestão
UIDB/04752/2020
10.54499/UIDB/04752/2020
Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Portugal
 Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Concluded
2020/01/01 - 2023/12/31 Unidade de Investigação Aplicada em Gestão
UIDP/04752/2020
10.54499/UIDP/04752/2020
Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Portugal
 Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Concluded
2021 - 2023/06/29 Knowledge Circle
POCI-01- 0246-FEDER-181295
Researcher
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
 Agência Nacional de Inovação SA
2017/08/24 - 2019/11/21 HCTourism - Profile and Trends of Human Capital in the Tourism Sector
SAICT-POL/23622/2016
Researcher
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal

Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Portugal
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Concluded
2006/03/01 - 2008/12/31 PICO -Academic entrepreneurship from knowledge creation to knowledge diffusion
Grant agreement ID: 28928
PhD Student Fellow
European Commission
Outputs

Publications

Book
  1. Costa, Vânia; Moura, Andreia; Cerdeiras, António; Cruz, Inês; Pereira, José; Martins Maria Isabel; Conceição, Oscarina; et al. Perfil e tendências do capital humano no setor do turismo. Barcelos. 2019.
Book chapter
  1. Fátima Fernandes; Márcia Duarte; Oscarina Conceição. "Organizational Climate and Its Influence on Organizational Stress and Affective Well-Being: Evidence from Hospitality Employees". 2025.
    10.1007/978-981-96-5400-0_1
  2. Teresa Dieguez; Sara Lima; Oscarina Conceição. "Innovative Practices in Teaching Entrepreneurship". In DEMOLA Approach. 2023.
    10.4018/978-1-6684-6701-5.ch012
  3. Conceição, O.; Rodrigues, V.. "Academic Entrepreneurship in Portugal". In Case Study of Academic Spin-Off Companies, 1017-1035. {IGI, 2021.
    Published • 10.4018/978-1-7998-4826-4.ch015
  4. Helena Boaventura; Teresa Dieguez; Conceição, O.. "Impact of Design Thinking on Human Resources". 2021.
    Published • 10.4018/978-1-7998-4909-4.ch014
  5. Teresa Dieguez; Conceição, O.. "Experiential Tourism and Experiential Marketing: An Innovative Approach". 550-559. Springer Singapore, 2021.
    Published • 10.1007/978-981-33-4260-6_47
  6. Teresa Dieguez; Conceição, O.. "Innovative Destination Branding: “Porto.”". 2020.
    Published • 10.1007/978-981-15-2024-2_12
  7. Conceição, O.; Teresa Dieguez; Márcia Duarte. "A Multivariate Approach to Entrepreneurial Intentions". 2019.
    Published • 10.1007/978-3-319-91334-6_147
  8. Teresa Dieguez; Conceição, O.; Fernandes, Â.. "The challenges of managing the private institutions of social solidarity: Experiences from Portugal". In Handbook of Research on Managerial Solutions in Non-Profit Organizations. IGI Global, 2016.
    Published • 10.4018/978-1-5225-0731-4.ch002
  9. Conceição, O.. "Estrutural Empresarial do setor do turismo. O setor do turismo em Portugal e a importância das empresas turísticas da região Norte de Portugal". In Desafios, Estratégias e Tendências em Turismo e Hotelaria. 2016.
    Published
  10. Conceição, O.. "Entry by research-based spin-offs: the determinants of regional variation". In Geography and Innovation. The Frequency, Nature and Consequences of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Regions de Varying Density. 2014.
    Published
  11. Conceição, O.. "Commercialisation strategies of research-based spin-offs: the case of companies that operate in the market for technologies". In From the University Environment to Academic Entrepreneurship. 2009.
    Published
Conference abstract
  1. Fontes, Margarida; Sousa, Cristina; Conceição, Oscarina. "Opportunities and challenges for companies diversifying into the value chain. The case study of marine renewable energy". Paper presented in Livro de Resumos da 7 Edição do Workshop Dinâmicas Socioeconómicas e Territoriais Contemporâneas rumos da investigação num mundo em transformação, Lisboa, 2023.
  2. Sousa, C.; Fontes, M.; Conceição, O.. "Inter-industrial relationships driving the blue economy industrial transformation". Paper presented in 6ª Edição do Workshop Interno do DINÂMIA'CET_Iscte: Dinâmicas Socioeconómicas e Territoriais Contemporâneas | 2022. Livro de Resumos, Lisboa, 2022.
    Published
Conference paper
  1. Sousa, C.; Fontes, M.; Conceição, O.. "Diversification strategies and the emergence of a new industrial value-chain: Challenges and opportunities for companies". Paper presented in Proceedings of the 18th European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship (ECIE 2023), Porto, 2023.
    Published • 10.34190/ecie.18.2.1597
  2. Sousa, C.; Fontes, M.; Conceição, O.. "Opportunities for economic revitalization through inter-industrial relationships: The case of blue economy". Paper presented in Proceedings of the 16th European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship (ECIE 2021), Virtual, Online, 2021.
    Published • 10.34190/EIE.21.120
  3. Cândida Sofia Machado; Conceição, Oscarina; 9315-BA4B-ECF3. "Duration Models: The Effect of Firm and Location Characteristics on RBSO Firms Survival". 2020.
    10.34190/erm.20.091
  4. Sousa, C.; Conceição, O.; Fontes, M.; Sousa, Cristina; Fontes, Margarida; Conceição, Oscarina. "Towards a blue economy: The influence of policy strategies in the research and technology orientation of Portuguese firms". Paper presented in Proceedings of the European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship, ECIE 2020, Rome, 2020.
    Published • 10.34190/EIE.20.150
  5. Dieguez, Teresa; Conceição, Oscarina. "Experiential Tourism and Experiential Marketing: An Innovative Approach". 2020.
    10.1007/978-981-33-4260-6_47
  6. Costa, Vânia; Moura, Andreia; Mira, Maria do Rosário; Cerdeiras, António; Cruz, Inês; Pereira, José; Conceição, Oscarina; Almeida, Claudia; Carrança, Paulo. "Skills needs by economic activity segment of the Portuguese Tourism Sector". Paper presented in XI International Tourism Congress: The image and sustainability os tourism destinations, Funchal, 2019.
  7. Sousa, C.; Fontes, M.; Conceição, O.. "Blue economy as a policy-driven innovation system: Research funding and the direction of ocean-related innovation". Paper presented in Innovations in Digital Economy. Communications in Computer and Information Science, St. Petersburg, 2019.
    Published • 10.1007/978-3-030-60080-8_6
  8. Torres, M.; Duarte, M.; Conceição, O.. "The influence of time management behaviours on performance and stress". Paper presented in 13th European Conference on Management Leadership and Governance., 2019.
    10.34190/MLG.19.048
  9. Fontes, M.; Sousa, C.; Conceição, O.. "Creating a blue economy: Research and innovation partnerships to accelerate the development of ocean-related industries". Paper presented in SPBPU IDE '19: Proceedings of the 2019 International SPBPU Scientific Conference on Innovations in Digital Economy, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 2019.
    Published • 10.1145/3372177.3373329
  10. Conceição, Oscarina; Sousa, Cristina; Fontes, Margarida. "Knowledge bases and networking behavior of research-based spin-offs". Paper presented in ECIE - 13th European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Aveiro, 2018.
    Published
  11. Conceição, Oscarina; Sousa, Cristina; Fontes, Margarida. "Knowledge bases and variety of networking behaviour among research-based spin-offs". 2018.
  12. Conceição, Oscarina; Dieguez, Teresa; Duarte, Márcia. "The entrepreneurial intentions in a multivariate approach: a case study applied to IPCA students". 2017.
  13. Conceição, O.; Sousa, C.; Fontes, M.. "Research-based spin-offs as agents of knowledge dissemination: evidence from the analysis of innovation networks". 2015.
  14. Conceição, O.; Sousa, C.; Fontes, M.. "Research-based spin-offs as agents of knowledge dissemination: evidence from the analysis of innovation networks". Paper presented in Proceedings of the 10th European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Génova, 2015.
    Published
  15. Conceição, Oscarina; Faria, Ana Paula; Fontes, Margarida. "Entry by research-based spin-offs". 2014.
Journal article
  1. Oscarina Conceição; Pedro Barros; António Rocha. "Academic Entrepreneurship: Challenges and Opportunities of the Poliempreende Program". European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship (2025): https://doi.org/10.34190/ecie.20.1.3782.
    10.34190/ecie.20.1.3782
  2. Beatriz Rodrigues; Oscarina Conceição. "Acceleration Programs and Entrepreneurial Competences: Case Study of the Startup Point Program". European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship (2025): https://doi.org/10.34190/ecie.20.1.3914.
    10.34190/ecie.20.1.3914
  3. Iara Costa; Cândida Sofia Machado; Oscarina Conceição. "Automation and the Importance of Reskilling Workers: A Case Study in the Automotive Industry". European Conference on Management Leadership and Governance (2024): https://doi.org/10.34190/ecmlg.20.1.2923.
    10.34190/ecmlg.20.1.2923
  4. Márcia Duarte; Oscarina Conceição; Sónia Pinto. "What Does Employee Silence Mean? the Role of Organizational Climate and Burnout". European Conference on Management Leadership and Governance (2024): https://doi.org/10.34190/ecmlg.20.1.2913.
    10.34190/ecmlg.20.1.2913
  5. Conceição, Oscarina; Sousa, Cristina; Fontes, Margarida. "The role of research-based spin-offs in innovation ecosystems". International Journal of Education Economics and Development 1 1 (2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijeed.2023.10051997.
    10.1504/ijeed.2023.10051997
  6. Teresa Dieguez; Thiago Sobral; Oscarina Conceição. "Entrepreneurial intention acknowledgment in sustainable entrepreneurship: An exploratory study". Journal of Innovation Management (2023): https://doi.org/10.24840/2183-0606_011.002_0002.
    10.24840/2183-0606_011.002_0002
  7. Oscarina Conceição; Teresa Dieguez; Lúcia Campinho. "DIVE Project: Sharing experiences of non-formal education in Social Entrepreneurship". European Conference on Management Leadership and Governance (2022): https://doi.org/10.34190/ecmlg.18.1.871.
    10.34190/ecmlg.18.1.871
  8. Conceição, Oscarina; Faria, Ana Paula; Machado, C.Sofia. "Duration models: determinants of research-based spin-offs survival". Procedia Computer Science 204 (2022): 922-929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2022.08.112.
    10.1016/j.procs.2022.08.112
  9. Almeida, Ana; Melo, Pedro Novo; Conceicao, Oscarina. "Impacts of the Implementation of Industry's 4.0 Technologies in the Portuguese Textile Industry: The Effect of Management and Leadership Practices on Implementation of Industry's 4.0 Technologies". PROCEEDINGS OF THE 10TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT LEADERSHIP AND GOVERNANCE (ECMLG) (2021): https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/66173856/.
    10.34190/MLG.21.073
  10. Campinho, Ana Lucia; Conceição, O.; Teresa Dieguez. "Innovative Research Methodologies on Social Entrepreneurship: Dive Project Case Study". (2020): http://hdl.handle.net/11110/2031.
    Published
  11. Vânia Costa; Andreia Moura; Maria do Rosário Mira; António Cerdeiras; Inês Pinto da Cruz; José Filipe Pereira; Isabel Silva Martins; et al. "HC Tourism. Profile and Trends of Human Capital in the Tourism Sector". European Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Recreation (2019): https://doi.org/10.2478/ejthr-2019-0009.
    10.2478/ejthr-2019-0009
  12. Costa, V.; Moura, A.; Do Rosário Mira, M.; Cerdeiras, A.; Da Cruz, I.P.; Pereira, F.; Martins, M.I.; et al. "Profile of human resources and skills needs in the Portuguese tourism sector". European Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Recreation 9 2 (2019): 40-51.
    Published • 10.34190/MLG.19.111
  13. Conceição, O.; Faria, A. P.; Fontes, M.. "Regional variation of academic spinoffs formation". Journal of Technology Transfer 42 3 (2017): 654-65. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10961-016-9508-1.
    Published • 10.1007/s10961-016-9508-1
  14. Costa, Vânia; Ribeiro de Almeida, Cláudia; Conceição, Oscarina. "Air transport and tourism destinations. The case of Oporto airport and Portugal's Northern Region". Tourism Spectrum 3 1 (2017): 41-49. Air transport and tourism destinations. The case of Oporto airport and Portugal's Northern Region.
    Published
  15. Conceição, O.; Fontes, M.; Calapez, T.; Conceição, O.; Calapez, T.. "The commercialisation decisions of research-based spin-off: Targeting the market for technologies". Technovation 32 1 (2012): 43-56. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-82455199063&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    Published • 10.1016/j.technovation.2011.07.009
Thesis / Dissertation
  1. Conceição, O.. "Research based spin-offs: determinants of strategies and performance". PhD, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/35933.
Working paper
  1. Conceição, Oscarina; Sousa, Cristina; Fontes, Margarida; Conceição, O.; Sousa, C.; Fontes, M.. 2015. "Research-based spin-offs as agents of knowledge dissemination: evidence from the analysis of innovation networks". http://hdl.handle.net/10400.9/2982.
    10.15847/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2015.17
  2. Conceição, O.; Ana Paula Faria. 2014. "Determinants of research-based spin-offs survival". http://hdl.handle.net/1822/31109.
  3. Conceição, O.; Ana Paula Faria; Fontes, M.. 2014. "Location of research-based spin-offs: how relevant are regional effects? NIPE Working Papers". http://hdl.handle.net/1822/31106.
  4. Fontes, M.; Conceição, O.; Calapez, T.. 2009. "Research-based spin-offs targeting the market for technologies: a conceptual model, DINAMIA Working Papers".
    10.7749/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2009.78

Other

Other output
  1. Creating a Blue Economy: Research and innovation partnerships to accelerate the development of ocean-related industries. 2019. Fontes, M.; Sousa, C.; Conceição, O.. https://ciencia.iscte-iul.pt/publications/creating-a-blue-economy-research-and-innovation-partnerships-to-accelerate-the-development-of-ocean/65965?lang=en.
  2. Research-based spin-offs as agents of knowledge dissemination: evidence from the analysis of innovation networks. 10th European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship - ECIE 2015. 2015. Conceição, O.; Sousa, C.; Fontes, M..
Activities

Supervision

Thesis Title
Role 		Degree Subject (Type)
Institution / Organization
2026/03/03 - 2026/03/03 Work overload and its influence on the conflict between professional and personal life and on turnover intentions: a case study applied to accountants
Co-supervisor
 Master's Degree in Organisational Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
2026/03/02 - 2026/03/02 The impact of innovation on business success: Case study of the textile and clothing sector in the Vale do Ave sub-region
Supervisor
 Master's Degree in Organisational Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
2026/02/06 - 2026/02/06 The influence of linguistic training and cultural intelligence on job satisfaction and perceptions of discrimination: The case of immigrant workers
Co-supervisor
 Master's Degree in Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
2025/10/20 - 2025/10/20 Innovation and Gamification in Urban Tourism: The business plan for the mobile application ‘Catchgo’
Supervisor
 Master's Degree in Organisational Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
2025/06/04 - 2025/06/04 Restructuring of the Purchasing Department: Implementation of Software in the Context of E-Procurement
Co-supervisor
 Master's Degree in Industrial Engineering and Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
2025/02/28 - 2025/02/28 Business Plan: Creation of a Pet-Friendly Tourist Venture in a Rural Area – Quinta das Tias
Co-supervisor
 Master's Degree in Organisational Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
2025/02/06 - 2025/02/06 The development of entrepreneurial skills: the case study of the Startup Point programme
Supervisor
 Master's Degree in Organisational Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
2025/02/06 - 2025/02/06 Academic entrepreneurship: Case study of Poliempreende at the Polytechnic University of Cávado and Ave
Supervisor
 Master's Degree in Organisational Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
2024/03/06 - 2024/03/06 The Organisational Climate and its Influence on Organisational Stress and Well-being at Work: Case Study
Co-supervisor
 Master's Degree in Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
2024/02/21 - 2024/02/21 The dimensions of employee silence and its relationship with organisational climate and burnout at work
Co-supervisor
 Master's Degree in Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
2024/02/15 - 2024/02/15 The impact of automation on employment and the importance of retraining workers: Case study of the automotive industry in northern Portugal
Co-supervisor
 Master's Degree in Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
2023/01/01 - 2024/02/01 Business Model: the production of candles for business to create a business
Co-supervisor
 Master's Degree in Organisational Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
2020/09/01 - 2022/07/14 Higher Education Institutions and the Dynamics of the Third Mission: Case Study of the DEMOLA Project-Polytechnic Institute of Cávado and Ave
Co-supervisor
 Master's Degree in Organisational Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
2020/09/01 - 2022/01/11 Key management characteristics for Industry 4.0 adoption: Case study in the textile sector
Co-supervisor
 Master's Degree in Organisational Management
2017/09/01 - 2020/07/09 Incremental Innovation and Kaizen: Case Study of Caetano Auto Minho
Co-supervisor
 Master's Degree in Organisational Management
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
2018/10/01 - 2020/03/11 Social Entrepreneurship: Case study of the “Dive Project”
Co-supervisor
 Master's Degree in Organisational Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal
2019 - 2019 Academic entrepreneurship in Portugal: a case study of academic spin-off companies
Supervisor
 Master's Degree in Organisational Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave Escola Superior de Gestão, Portugal
2019 - 2019 Impact of Design Thinking on Human Resources
Co-supervisor
 Master's Degree in Organisational Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave Escola Superior de Gestão, Portugal
2019 - 2019 Talent retention: impact on innovation
Co-supervisor
 Master's Degree in Organisational Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave Escola Superior de Gestão, Portugal
2019 - 2019 The influence of time management behaviours on performance and perception of stress: a case study of IPCA teachers
Co-supervisor
 Master's Degree in Organisational Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave Escola Superior de Gestão, Portugal
2016 - 2016 The challenges of managing IPSSs in relation to the services they provide: a proposal for innovation
Co-supervisor
 Master's Degree in Organisational Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave Escola Superior de Gestão, Portugal
2016 - 2016 Applying Benchmarking for competitiveness in Public Administration: Case study
Co-supervisor
 Master's Degree in Organisational Management (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave Escola Superior de Gestão, Portugal

Jury of academic degree

Topic
Role 		Candidate name (Type of degree)
Institution / Organization
2023/11/06 The role of new technologies in upgrading traditional sectors of the Blue Economy: A case study in the Metropolitan Area of Lisbon
(Thesis) Arguer
 Pedro Rodrigues (Master)
ISCTE Business School, Portugal
2020 Entrepreneurship in Cape Verde: business plan for J.M. – Pastry, Bakery and Biscuit Factory, Ltd.
(Thesis) Arguer
 Mário Jorge Silva Alfama Pais (Master)
Instituto Politécnico de Bragança Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, Portugal
2017 BALANCE BETWEEN OPENNESS AND CLOSENESS OF ORGANIZATIONAL BOUNDARIES IN FACILITATING OPEN INNOVATION
(Thesis) Arguer
 BHARATH KALAYANASUNDRAM RAMESH (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Porto Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Portugal
2017 SETTINGS FOR OPEN INNOVATION ARENA: THREE DIMENSIONS TO CONSIDER (CONDITIONS, PROCESS AND RESOURCES)
(Thesis) Arguer
 ASHWIN KUMAR CHANDRASEKAR SIVAM (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Porto Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Portugal
2016 Business plan for the innovation, manufacture and marketing of Portuguese biscuits, involving the business and social aspects of entrepreneurship.
(Thesis) Arguer
 Elsa Joana Marques Oliveira Moreira (Master)
Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Portugal
Distinctions

Award

2017 ISCTE- IUL Scientific Merit Awards 2017
ISCTE-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Portugal
2013 ISCTE- IUL Scientific Merit Awards 2013
ISCTE-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Portugal

Other distinction

2022 Top 5 Finalist of Entrepreneurship Educator of the Year
ACEEU , Germany
2020 Finalist of “6th Teaching Innovation & Entrepreneurship Excellence Awards 2020
Academic Conferences and Publishing International Limited, United Kingdom