Ana Rute Cardoso received her Ph.D. in economics in 1997 at the European University Institute in Florence, Italy, where she was awarded the Prize for the Best Ph.D. Thesis in Economics defended 1995-1998. She completed her first degree in economics and her Masters at the Lisbon Technical University. Ana's research interests include earnings dispersion, employer behavior, and the impact of labor market institutions and regulations. Her work appeared in the Quarterly Journal of Economics, American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, Journal of Labor Economics, Journal of the European Economic Association, Journal of Applied Econometrics, Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, among others. She is currently Research Professor under the Program Scientific Employment Stimulus at the University of Lisbon, Institute of Social Sciences. Before joining the ICS, from 2008 to 2021, she was Associate Research Professor at IAE (CSIC), the Institute for Economic Analysis of the Spanish National Research Council, and Affiliated Professor at the Barcelona Graduate School of Economics. From 2002 to 2008 she worked at IZA as a Research Associate and before she was Associate Professor at the University of Minho in Portugal. She is currently a Research Fellow at the Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn, Germany, an External Fellow at the Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration (CReAM), London, UK, and on leave from the IAE-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain.