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Identification

Personal identification

Full name
Alberto João Rodrigues Leal

Citation names

  • Leal, Alberto

Author identifiers

Ciência ID
5F15-94D8-F634
ORCID iD
0000-0002-3178-2530

Knowledge fields

  • Medical and Health Sciences - Clinical Medicine - Clinical Neurology

Languages

Language Speaking Reading Writing Listening Peer-review
English Upper intermediate (B2) Upper intermediate (B2) Upper intermediate (B2) Upper intermediate (B2) Upper intermediate (B2)
Education
Degree Classification
2004/10/13 - 2008/10/13
Concluded
 Biologia (Doutoramento)
Major in Neurofisiologia
Universidade de Lisboa Faculdade de Ciências, Portugal
"Functional mapping of human Brain Networks with high temporal and spatial resolution methods" (THESIS/DISSERTATION)
 Louvor e Distinção
1992/01/01 - 1997/07/01
Concluded
 Internato Complementar (Especialização pós-licenciatura)
Major in Neurologia
Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental EPE Hospital de Egas Moniz, Portugal
 18
1990/01/01 - 1991/06/30
Concluded
 Internato Médico Geral (Especialização pós-licenciatura)
Major in Medicina
Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte EPE, Portugal
 Aprovado
1982/10/10 - 1989/07/30
Concluded
 Medicina (Licenciatura)
Universidade de Lisboa Faculdade de Medicina, Portugal
 14
Affiliation

Science

Category
Host institution 		Employer
2024/01/01 - Current Invited Auxiliary Researcher (Research) Universidade de Lisboa Instituto de Sistemas e Robótica, Portugal

Other Careers

Category
Host institution 		Employer
2003/04/01 - Current Assistente graduado (Médica) Centro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de Lisboa, Portugal
1998/03/01 - 2003/03/01 Assistente (Médica) Hospital Amadora-Sintra, Portugal
1992/01/01 - 1997/06/30 Interno (Médica) Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental EPE, Portugal
1990/01/01 - 1991/06/30 Interno (Médica) Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte EPE, Portugal
Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte EPE, Portugal
Projects

Grant

Designation Funders
2011/04/01 - 2014/10/31 Control of cognitive and emotional processing of faces by the frontal theta rhythm / Controlo do processamento cognitivo e emocional das faces pelo ritmo teta frontal
PT/FB/BL-2010-157$
Principal investigator
ISCTE-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa Centro de Investigação e Intervenção Social, Portugal
 Fundação Bial
Concluded
2005/09 - 2008/09 EpilBI - Epileptogenic focus localization in a 3D multimodal Brain Imaging system.
Provided by PTCRIS: 60977
POSC/EEA-CPS/60977/2004
Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal
 Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Concluded

Contract

Designation Funders
2013/01/01 - 2017/05/30 Neuroimagem dinâmica não-invasiva em epilepsia
PTDC/SAU-ENB/112294/2009
Universidade de Lisboa Instituto Superior Técnico, Portugal

Fundação da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal

Universidade de Lisboa Instituto de Sistemas e Robótica, Portugal
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Concluded
2013/06/17 - 2016/12/31 Eyes and Brain - Early Markers of Language Development
EXCL/MHC-LIN/0688/2012
Universidade de Lisboa Faculdade de Letras, Portugal

Universidade de Lisboa Centro de Linguística, Portugal
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Concluded
Outputs

Publications

Conference abstract
  1. Abreu, Rodolfo; Leal, Alberto; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "Classification of BOLD-fMRI dynamic functional connectivity states based on simultaneous EEG microstates". Paper presented in Proc. 27th Annual Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM 2019), Montréal, 2019.
    Published
  2. Abreu, Rodolfo; Carmona, Joana; 6016-3A42-8D46; Leal, Alberto; Nascimento, Jacinto; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "Classification of sleep stages from fMRI dynamic functional connectivity using deep learning". Paper presented in Proc. 27th Annual Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM 2019), Montréal, 2019.
    Published
  3. Abreu, Rodolfo; Leal, Alberto; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "EEG microstate and spectral signatures of epileptic patterns found in fMRI dynamic functional connectivity". Paper presented in Proc. 26th Annual Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM 2018), Paris, 2018.
    Published
  4. Abreu, Rodolfo; Leal, Alberto; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "Classification of epileptic states from fMRI dynamic functional connectivity using machine learning". Paper presented in Proc. 23rd Annual Meeting of the Organization for Human Brain Mapping (OHBM 2017), Vancouver, 2017.
    Published
  5. Abreu, Rodolfo; Leal, Alberto; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "Mapping epileptic networks by EEG-based selection of fMRI functional connectivity dynamic components". Paper presented in Proc. 23rd Annual Meeting of the Organization for Human Brain Mapping (OHBM 2017), Vancouver, 2017.
    Published
  6. Abreu, Rodolfo; Leal, Alberto; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "Improved mapping of epileptic networks based on the correlation of BOLD-fMRI dynamic functional connectivity components with simultaneous EEG". Paper presented in Proc. 25th Annual Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM 2017), Honolulu, 2017.
    Published
  7. Abreu, Rodolfo; Nunes, Sandro; Leal, Alberto; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "ECG-derived respiratory signal for physiological noise correction in simultaneous EEG-fMRI for enhanced mapping of epileptic activity". Paper presented in Proc. 24th Annual Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM 2016), Singapore, 2016.
    Published
  8. Abreu, Rodolfo; Nunes, Sandro; Leal, Alberto; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "ECG-derived Respiratory signal estimation as a tool for physiological noise correction in fMRI". Paper presented in Proc. 21st Annual Meeting of the Organization for Human Brain Mapping (OHBM 2015), Honolulu, 2015.
    Published
  9. Abreu, Rodolfo; Leite, Marco; Leal, Alberto; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "Ballistocardiogram artefact correction taking into account background physiological signal preservation in simultaneous EEG-fMRI". Paper presented in Proc. 23rd Annual Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM 2015), Toronto, 2015.
    Published
  10. Rodrigues, João; Andrade, Alexandre; Leal, Alberto. "Os espasmos infantis associam-se a surtos de actividade EEG rítmica em múltiplas bandas de alta frequência entre 15-300 Hz, Análise de um caso clínico submetido a cirurgia da epilepsia". Paper presented in 27º Encontro Nacional de Epileptologia, Coimbra, 2015.
    Published
  11. Abreu, Rodolfo; G. Nunes, Rita; Murta, Teresa; Leal, Alberto; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "Structural and functional mapping of the seizure propagation pathway in a hypothalamic hamartoma". Paper presented in Proc. 20th Annual Meeting of the Organization for Human Brain Mapping (OHBM 2014), Hamburg, 2014.
    Published
  12. Abreu, Rodolfo; Leite, Marco; Leal, Alberto; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "Objective template-based selection of EEG ICA epilepsy-related components". Paper presented in Proc. 20th Annual Meeting of the Organization for Human Brain Mapping (OHBM 2014), Hamburg, 2014.
    Published
  13. Abreu, Rodolfo; Leal, Alberto; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "Selection of epilepsy-related EEG ICA components for simultaneous fMRI analysis". Paper presented in Proc. 19h Portuguese Conference on Pattern Recognition (RecPad 2013), Lisbon, 2013.
    Published
  14. Abreu, Rodolfo; G. Nunes, Rita; Leal, Alberto; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "A multimodal approach combining EEG, fMRI and DTI for mapping epileptic networks". Paper presented in Proc. 30th Annual Scientific Meeting of the European Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine and Biology (ESMRMB 2013), Toulouse, 2013.
    Published
  15. Lopes, Ricardo; JERÓNIMO, Rita; Ferraz, Luis; Jordão, C.; Leal, Alberto. "A localização da "Word Form Area" em Ressonância Magnética funcional ajuda a prevenir a alexia nas cirurgias da epilepsia do córtex posterior". Paper presented in Sinapse - Congresso Nacional da Sociedade Portuguesa de Neurologia, Lisboa, 2013.
    Published
  16. Ferraz, Luis; JERÓNIMO, Rita; Lopes, Ricardo; Romero, C.; Leal, Alberto. "Limitações da Ressonância Magnética Funcional da Linguagem no apoio à decisão cirúrgica: a propósito de um caso clinico". Paper presented in Sinapse - Congresso Nacional da Sociedade Portuguesa de Neurologia, Lisboa, 2013.
    Published
  17. Lopes, Ricardo; Ferraz, Luis; JERÓNIMO, Rita; Gomes, J.; Leal, Alberto. "Neuropsicologia do processamento visual de faces na avaliação pré cirúrgica de epilepsias em idade pediátrica". Paper presented in Sinapse - Congresso Nacional da Sociedade Portuguesa de Neurologia, Lisboa, 2013.
    Published
  18. Lopes, Ricardo; JERÓNIMO, Rita; Arriaga, P.; Barrambana, R.; Leal, Alberto. "Avaliação Multimodal Neurofisiológica-Hemodinâmica-Neuropsicológica da função dos lobos occipitais para aplicação na Cirurgia da Epilepsia". Paper presented in Sinapse - Congresso Nacional da Sociedade Portuguesa de Neurologia, 2011.
    Published
Conference paper
  1. Borges, Daniel Filipe; Gomes, Roseli; Coelho, Paulo; Leal, Alberto. "Síndrome de Jeavons : redes neuronais, EEG e manifestações clínicas". 2019.
  2. Borges, Daniel Filipe; Leal, Alberto; Correia, Filipe; Coelho, Paulo. "Epilepsia focal estrutural: quando a neurofisiologia e a neurorradiologia não (a)provam". 2019.
  3. Borges, Daniel Filipe; Gomes, Roseli; Leal, Alberto. "Síndrome de Landau-Kleffner com desconexão tálamo-cortical : proposta de um mecanismo etiopatológico". 2017.
  4. Borges, Daniel Filipe; Silva, Heloísa; Santos, Andreia; Morim, Filipe; Leal, Alberto. "O papel do EEG Ambulatório 24h na investigação de doentes com suspeita de epilepsia : experiência de 4 anos". 2016.
  5. Abreu, Rodolfo; Leite, Marco; Leal, Alberto; Figueiredo, Patricia. "STTICS: A template-based algorithm for the objective selection of epilepsy-related EEG ICA components". Paper presented in 2015 IEEE 12th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI), New York City, 2015.
    Published • 10.1109/isbi.2015.7163883
Conference poster
  1. Oliveira, Ana Rita; Figueiredo, Patricia; Leal, Alberto; Nunes, Rita G.. "Identification of brain connectivity disruptions due to thalamic lesions in early development using Diffusion-Weighted MRI". Paper presented in IEEE 6th Portuguese Meeting on Bioengineering (ENBENG), 2019.
    10.1109/enbeng.2019.8692448
  2. Santos, Francisco; Nunes, Rita G.; Rodrigues, João; Leal, Alberto; Andrade, Alexandre. "Unravelling the Dynamics of Epilepsy Using Effective Connectivity and Hemodynamic Estimation: Two Case Studies". Paper presented in 32nd anual meeting of the European Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine and Biology, 2015.
Journal article
  1. Daniel Filipe Borges; João Fernandes; Joana Isabel Soares; João Casalta-Lopes; Daniel Carvalho; Sándor Beniczky; Alberto Leal. "The sound of silence: Quantification of typical absence seizures by sonifying EEG signals from a custom-built wearable device". Epileptic Disorders (2024): https://doi.org/10.1002/epd2.20194.
    10.1002/epd2.20194
  2. Daniel Carvalho; Carla Mendonça; João Carvalho; Ana Martins; Alberto Leal. "High incidence of early thalamic lesions in the Continuous Spike-Wave related with slow Sleep (CSWS)". Epilepsy & Behavior (2023): http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.109031.
    10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.109031
  3. Daniel Filipe Borges; Joana Isabel Soares; Filipe Correia; Fábio A. Nascimento; Alberto Leal. "Visual word form area hyperexcitability associated with focal epileptiform activity in a case of reading epilepsy". Epileptic Disorders (2022): http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/epd.2022.1496.
    10.1684/epd.2022.1496
  4. Alberto Leal. "Spatial and temporal dynamics of epileptic activity at sleep onset in the Encephalopathy with Status Epilepticus during slow sleep (ESES) after unilateral thalamic lesions". Clinical Neurophysiology (2021): http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2020.11.007.
    10.1016/j.clinph.2020.11.007
  5. Ana Rita Oliveira; Rita G. Nunes; Patrícia Figueiredo; Ana I. Dias; Alberto Leal. "Regional White Matter Atrophy Correlates with Spike Activity in Encephalopathy Related to Status Epilepticus During Slow Sleep (ESES) After Early Thalamic Lesions". Brain Topography (2020): http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10548-020-00784-3.
    10.1007/s10548-020-00784-3
  6. Abreu, Rodolfo; Leal, Alberto; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "Identification of epileptic brain states by dynamic functional connectivity analysis of simultaneous EEG-fMRI: a dictionary learning approach". Scientific Reports 9 1 (2019): http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-36976-y.
    Published • 10.1038/s41598-018-36976-y
  7. Abreu, Rodolfo; Leal, Alberto; Lopes da Silva, Fernando; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "EEG synchronization measures predict epilepsy-related BOLD-fMRI fluctuations better than commonly used univariate metrics". Clinical Neurophysiology 129 3 (2018): 618-635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2017.12.038.
    Published • 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.12.038
  8. Abreu, Rodolfo; Leal, Alberto; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "EEG-Informed fMRI: A Review of Data Analysis Methods". Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 12 (2018): http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00029.
    Published • 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00029
  9. Leal, Alberto; Calado, Eulália; Vieira, José P.; Mendonça, Carla; Ferreira, José C.; Ferreira, Hugo; Carvalho, Daniel; et al. "Anatomical and physiological basis of continuous spike–wave of sleep syndrome after early thalamic lesions". Epilepsy & Behavior 78 (2018): 243-255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.08.027.
    Published • 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.08.027
  10. Abreu, Rodolfo; Nunes, Sandro; Leal, Alberto; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "Physiological noise correction using ECG-derived respiratory signals for enhanced mapping of spontaneous neuronal activity with simultaneous EEG-fMRI". NeuroImage 154 (2017): 115-127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.08.008.
    Published • 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.08.008
  11. Abreu, Rodolfo; Leite, Marco; Leal, Alberto; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "Objective selection of epilepsy-related independent components from EEG data". Journal of Neuroscience Methods 258 (2016): 67-78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.10.003.
    Published • 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.10.003
  12. Leal, Alberto; Vieira, José P.; Lopes, Ricardo; Nunes, Rita G.; Gonçalves, Sónia I.; Lopes da Silva, Fernando; Figueiredo, Patrícia. "Dynamics of epileptic activity in a peculiar case of childhood absence epilepsy and correlation with thalamic levels of GABA". Epilepsy & Behavior Case Reports 5 (2016): 57-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebcr.2016.03.004.
    Published • 10.1016/j.ebcr.2016.03.004
  13. Rothlubbers, S.; Relvas, V.; Leal, A.; Figueiredo, P.. "Reduction of EEG artefacts induced by vibration in the MR-environment". Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS (2013): 2092-2095. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84886448762&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1109/EMBC.2013.6609945
  14. Leite, M.; Leal, A.; Figueiredo, P.. "Transfer function between EEG and BOLD signals of epileptic activity". Frontiers in Neurology 4 JAN (2013): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84874556354&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.3389/fneur.2013.00001
  15. Rothlübbers, S.; Relvas, V.; Leal, A.; Figueiredo, P.. "Characterization and reduction of MR-environment-related EEG artefacts". Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 7887 LNCS (2013): 808-818. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84883200928&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1007/978-3-642-38628-2_96
  16. Leal, A.J.R.; Lopes, R.; Ferreira, J.C.. "Origin and dynamics of epileptic activity in a symptomatic case of Panayiotopoulos syndrome: Correlation with clinical manifestations". Clinical Neurophysiology 124 1 (2013): 20-26. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84871428177&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1016/j.clinph.2012.06.007
  17. Leite, M.; Figueiredo, P.; Leal, A.. "Estimation of the haemodynamic response to epileptic activity in EEG-fMRI data". 2012 IEEE 2nd Portuguese Meeting in Bioengineering, ENBENG 2012 (2012): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84869381451&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331398
  18. Tana, M.G.; Bianchi, A.M.; Sclocco, R.; Franchin, T.; Cerutti, S.; Leal, A.. "Parcel-based connectivity analysis of fMRI data for the study of epileptic seizure propagation". Brain Topography 25 4 (2012): 345-361. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84867019283&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1007/s10548-012-0225-2
  19. Faria, P.; Fregni, F.; Sebastião, F.; Dias, A.I.; Leal, A.. "Feasibility of focal transcranial DC polarization with simultaneous EEG recording: Preliminary assessment in healthy subjects and human epilepsy". Epilepsy and Behavior 25 3 (2012): 417-425. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84868711054&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.06.027
  20. Murta, T.; Leal, A.; Garrido, M.I.; Figueiredo, P.. "Dynamic Causal Modelling of epileptic seizure propagation pathways: A combined EEG-fMRI study". NeuroImage 62 3 (2012): 1634-1642. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84863527933&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.05.053
  21. Murta, T.; Figueiredo, P.; Leal, A.. "EEG-fMRI measures of functional brain connectivity in epilepsy". 1st Portuguese Meeting in Biomedical Engineering, ENBENG 2011 (2011): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80053942114&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1109/ENBENG.2011.6026094
  22. Lopes, R.; Cabral, P.; Canas, N.; Breia, P.; Foreid, J.P.; Calado, E.; Silva, R.; Leal, A.. "N170 asymmetry as an index of inferior occipital dysfunction in patients with symptomatic occipital lobe epilepsy". Clinical Neurophysiology 122 1 (2011): 9-15. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-78650169728&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1016/j.clinph.2010.05.023
  23. Faria, P.; Leal, A.; Miranda, P.C.. "Comparing different electrode configurations using the 10-10 international system in tDCS: A finite element model analysis". Proceedings of the 31st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society: Engineering the Future of Biomedicine, EMBC 2009 (2009): 1596-1599. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77950983944&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1109/IEMBS.2009.5334121
  24. Leal, A.J.R.; Monteiro, J.P.; Secca, M.F.; Jordão, C.. "Functional brain mapping of ictal activity in gelastic epilepsy associated with hypothalamic hamartoma: A case report". Epilepsia 50 6 (2009): 1624-1631. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-66849101959&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01810.x
  25. Faria, P.; Leal, A.; Miranda, P.C.. "Comparing different electrode configurations using the 10-10 international system in tDCS: a finite element model analysis.". Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference 2009 (2009): 1596-1599. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77949883329&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
  26. Leal, A.J.R.; Dias, A.I.; Vieira, J.P.; Moreira, A.; Távora, L.; Calado, E.. "Analysis of the dynamics and origin of epileptic activity in patients with tuberous sclerosis evaluated for surgery of epilepsy". Clinical Neurophysiology 119 4 (2008): 853-861. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-40649105982&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1016/j.clinph.2007.11.176
  27. Leal, A.J.R.; Ferreira, J.C.; Dias, A.I.; Calado, E.. "Origin of frontal lobe spikes in the early onset benign occipital lobe epilepsy (Panayiotopoulos syndrome)". Clinical Neurophysiology 119 9 (2008): 1985-1991. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-47749137741&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1016/j.clinph.2008.04.299
  28. Gamito, P.; Saraiva, T.; Oliveira, J.; Morais, D.; Rosa, P.; Pombal, M.; Gamito, L.; Leal, A.. "Physiological assessment during VR PTSD treatment of a motor vehicle accident patient". Journal of Cyber Therapy and Rehabilitation 1 3 (2008): 258-266. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77949747759&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
  29. Secca, M.F.; Fernandes, H.M.; Cabral, J.R.; Leal, A.. "Optimization of fMRI processing parameters for simutaneous acquisition of EEG/fMRI in focal epilepsy". IFMBE Proceedings 20 IFMBE (2008): 505-508. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-78049393545&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1007/978-3-540-69367-3-135
  30. Leal, A.J.R.; Nunes, S.; Dias, A.I.; Vieira, J.P.; Moreira, A.; Calado, E.. "Analysis of the generators of epileptic activity in early-onset childhood benign occipital lobe epilepsy". Clinical Neurophysiology 118 6 (2007): 1341-1347. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34248186058&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1016/j.clinph.2007.02.017
  31. Leal, A.J.R.; Nunes, S.; Martins, A.; Secca, M.F.; Jordão, C.. "Brain mapping of epileptic activity in a case of idiopathic occipital lobe epilepsy (Panayiotopoulos syndrome)". Epilepsia 48 6 (2007): 1179-1183. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34249793233&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01119.x
  32. Leal, A.; Dias, A.; Vieira, J.P.; Secca, M.; Jordão, C.. "The BOLD effect of interictal spike activity in childhood occipital lobe epilepsy". Epilepsia 47 9 (2006): 1536-1542. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33748681786&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1111/j.1528-1167.2006.00626.x
  33. Fernandas, J.M.; Leal, A.; Cunha, J.P.S.. "EpiGauss: Spatio-temporal characterization of epiletogenic activity applied to hypothalamic hamartomas". Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 4142 LNCS (2006): 680-690. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33749653859&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
  34. Leal, A.J.R.; Dias, A.I.; Vieira, J.P.. "Analysis of the EEG dynamics of epileptic activity in gelastic seizures using decomposition in independent components". Clinical Neurophysiology 117 7 (2006): 1595-1601. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33745382010&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1016/j.clinph.2006.03.020
  35. Vale, J.; Canas, N.; Leal, A.; Vilar, H.. "Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis: A case report | Paralisia periódica tireotóxica". Acta Medica Portuguesa 18 5 (2005): 399-402. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-32044471559&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
  36. Leal, A.J.R.; Moreira, A.; Robalo, C.; Ribeiro, C.. "Different electroclinical manifestations of the epilepsy associated with hamartomas connecting to the middle or posterior hypothalamus". Epilepsia 44 9 (2003): 1191-1195. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0041914577&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1046/j.1528-1157.2003.66902.x
  37. Leal, A.J.R.; Passão, V.; Calado, E.; Vieira, J.P.; Silva Cunha, J.P.. "Interictal spike EEG source analysis in hypothalamic hamartoma epilepsy". Clinical Neurophysiology 113 12 (2002): 1961-1969. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036899130&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1016/S1388-2457(02)00253-5
  38. Leal, A.J.R.; Calado, E.. "Involuntary rhythmic leg movements time-locked with the respiratory cycle". Pediatric Neurology 25 5 (2001): 405-408. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035677378&partnerID=MN8TOARS.
    10.1016/S0887-8994(01)00327-7